Legislative Relations
Parliamentary Intervention & Repugnancy
PART I — EXCEPTIONAL OVERRIDES
ARTICLE 249
National Interest
- Rajya Sabha passes a resolution (2/3rd majority).
- Declares it necessary in the national interest.
- Parliament can legislate on a State List subject.
- Valid for 1 year (can be renewed repeatedly).
ARTICLE 250 & 356
Emergency Provisions
- **Art 250:** During National Emergency (Art 352).
- Parliament acquires power over entire State List.
- **Art 356 (President's Rule):** Parliament legislates for a specific State.
- State laws conflicting with Parl laws become inoperative.
PART II — CONSENT & CONFLICT
ARTICLES 252 & 253
Consent & Treaties
- **Art 252:** If 2 or more States pass resolutions requesting Parliament to legislate on a state subject. (Only Parliament can amend/repeal it later).
- **Art 253:** Parliament can legislate on *any* subject to implement international treaties or agreements.
ARTICLE 254
Doctrine of Repugnancy
- Applies to the **Concurrent List** (List III).
- If a State law directly conflicts (is repugnant) with a Union law on the same subject.
- The **Union law prevails**.
- The State law becomes void *to the extent of the repugnancy*.
- **Exception:** If the State law was reserved for and received the President's assent, it prevails in that state (until Parliament overwrites it again).
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