Elements & Molecules
World A — Chemistry Foundations
R01.01 The Particle
- Fundamental physical building blocks.
- Atoms, protons, neutrons, electrons.
- Indivisible units of chemical identity.
R01.02 Pure Elements
- Substances of identical atomic structure.
- Cannot be chemically broken down.
- The periodic table constituents.
R01.03 The Molecule
- Two or more bonded atoms.
- Can be identical (O2) or distinct.
- The smallest unit of a compound.
R01.04 Compounds
- Fixed ratios of different elements.
- Emergent chemical properties.
- Requires chemical reaction to separate.
R01.05 States of Matter
- Solid, liquid, gas, plasma.
- Determined by kinetic energy.
- Physical shifts, not chemical.
R01.06 Mixtures & Solutions
- Physical blending without bonding.
- Homogeneous vs heterogeneous.
- Separable by physical means.
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R01.07 Ions & Isotopes
- Ions: Electron loss/gain (Charge).
- Isotopes: Neutron variance (Mass).
- Drives reactivity and stability.
R01.08 Allotropes
- Same element, different structure.
- Radically different physical traits.
- Example: Diamond vs Graphite.