Concept & Scope
State Survival · Sovereignty · Human Welfare
MICRO-REALM 1.1
The Security Paradigm
- Core survival of the entity
- Protection from existential threats
- Maintaining constitutional machinery
MICRO-REALM 1.2
Internal vs External
VS
- Internal: Threats originating within borders.
- External: Sovereign defence against foreign states.
- Lines increasingly blurred by proxy war.
MICRO-REALM 1.3
State Security
- Territorial integrity & borders
- Protection of democratic institutions
- Traditional, state-centric approach
MICRO-REALM 1.4
Human Security
- Shift from borders to individuals
- Freedom from fear (Violence)
- Freedom from want (Poverty/Hunger)
MICRO-REALM 1.5
Comprehensive Security
- Integration of State + Human security
- Economic, Military, Political, Environmental
- A holistic national architecture
MICRO-REALM 1.6
National Stability
- Equilibrium of social forces
- Economic resilience & growth
- Absence of internal systemic shocks
MICRO-REALM 1.7
Law & Order vs Security
- Law & Order: Routine crime, state subject.
- Security: Existential threat to the state, federal concern.
MICRO-REALM 1.8
Public Order
- The rhythmic peace of society
- Absence of riots or communal tension
- Sits between Law & Order and Security
MICRO-REALM 1.9
Monopoly on Violence
- Weberian definition of the State
- Only the state can use legitimate force
- Insurgency breaks this monopoly
MICRO-REALM 1.10
Non-Traditional Threats
- Borderless, non-military origins
- Cyberattacks, Pandemics, Climate
- Requires civilian-military cooperation
MICRO-REALM 1.11
Sovereignty
- Supreme authority within territory
- Freedom from external control
- The ultimate asset protected by security
MICRO-REALM 1.12
Stability vs Security
≠
- A state can be secure (no attacks) but unstable (poor economy).
- A state can be stable (dictatorship) but insecure (rebellion).
- India seeks both.