Multi-Hazard Risk
Cascading, Compound & Systemic Failures
MICRO-REALM 01
Multi-Hazard Environment
- Hazards do not exist in isolation
- Places exposed to multiple independent threats
- Requires integrated spatial planning
MICRO-REALM 02
Compound Disasters
+
=
- Simultaneous or successive events
- Interacting to create a greater crisis
- e.g., Extreme Heat + Drought = Mega-Wildfires
MICRO-REALM 03
Cascading Disasters
- The Domino Effect
- One hazard triggers another sequentially
- e.g., Earthquake → Tsunami → Nuclear Meltdown
MICRO-REALM 04
Concurrent Hazards
- Unrelated events occurring simultaneously
- Overwhelms response capacity
- e.g., Cyclone Amphan during COVID-19 pandemic
MICRO-REALM 05
Systemic Risk
- Risk embedded within complex systems
- Failure of one node collapses the network
- Global supply chains and financial markets
MICRO-REALM 06
Infrastructure Interdependence
→
→
- Lifeline systems depend on each other
- Power grid failure → Water pumps stop → Hospitals fail
- Creates severe secondary disasters
MICRO-REALM 07
Na-Tech Disasters
- Natural hazard triggering Technological disaster
- Floods inundating chemical plants
- Earthquakes rupturing gas pipelines
MICRO-REALM 08
Bio-Natural Interaction
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- Natural disasters spawning biological crises
- Floods leading to stagnant water and Cholera
- Drought leading to famine and malnutrition
MICRO-REALM 09
The Amplification Factor
1+1>2
- Non-linear risk mathematics
- The combined impact is greater than the sum of parts
- Severely depletes coping capacity
MICRO-REALM 10
MHEWS
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🌊
🌪️
- Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems
- Moving away from single-threat silos
- Integrated data streams for comprehensive alerts
MICRO-REALM 11
The Vulnerability Nexus
POVERTYCLIMATEURBAN
- Poverty forces populations into high-risk zones
- Multi-hazards disproportionately impact the poor
- Creates a cycle of perpetual recovery
MICRO-REALM 12
The Governance Shift
SILOED MANAGEMENT
→INTEGRATED RISK PLANNING
- Cannot plan for floods while ignoring earthquakes.
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- Sendai Framework demands multi-hazard approaches.