Special Provisions
The Article 371 Series
PART I — THE FRAMEWORK
THEORY
Asymmetrical Federalism
- Standard federalism treats all states equally.
- India accommodates extreme diversity via asymmetry.
- Specific states get unique constitutional shields/powers.
- Found in Part XXI (Temporary, Transitional & Special).
ARTICLE 371
Regional Boards
- Applies to Maharashtra & Gujarat.
- Governor establishes separate development boards.
- Vidarbha, Marathwada, Saurashtra, Kutch.
- Ensures equitable allocation of state funds.
PART II — INDIGENOUS SHIELDS
ARTICLE 371A & 371G
Tribal Autonomy
- 371A (Nagaland) & 371G (Mizoram).
- Parliamentary laws on local customs do *not* apply.
- Unless the State Legislative Assembly passes a resolution.
- Protects Naga/Mizo customary law and land ownership.
THE ALPHABET OF EXCEPTIONS
The Full Series
- **371B (Assam):** Committee of tribal MLAs in Assembly.
- **371C (Manipur):** Hill Areas Committee.
- **371D/E (Andhra/Telangana):** Equitable local employment/education quotas.
- **371F (Sikkim):** Protects old laws post-merger.
- **371H (Arunachal):** Governor's special responsibility for law & order.
- **371J (Karnataka):** Hyderabad-Karnataka regional dev board & reservations.
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