Right to Freedom
Articles 19 to 22: The Core of Personal Liberty
PART I — DEMOCRATIC EXPRESSION
ARTICLE 19
The Six Freedoms
- Speech & expression
- Peaceful assembly
- Forming associations
- Movement, residence, profession
PART II — LEGAL SAFEGUARDS
ARTICLE 20
Conviction Protection
- No ex-post-facto laws
- No double jeopardy
- No self-incrimination
- Immune during emergencies
ARTICLE 22
Arrest & Detention
- Informed of grounds of arrest
- Right to consult lawyer
- Magistrate within 24 hours
- Preventive detention limits
PART III — LIFE & KNOWLEDGE
ARTICLE 21
Life & Personal Liberty
- Procedure established by law
- Right to live with dignity
- Privacy & clean environment
- Cannot be suspended
ARTICLE 21A
Right to Education
- Added by 86th Amendment
- Children aged 6 to 14 years
- Free and compulsory
- State determines mechanism
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