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Motions in Parliament
Devices of Disruption, Accountability & Reprimand
PART I — DISRUPTION OF NORMALCY
URGENT PUBLIC IMPORTANCE
Adjournment Motion
- Introduced in the Parliament to draw the attention of the House to a definite matter of **urgent public importance**.
- Requires the support of **50 members** to be admitted.
- It interrupts the normal business of the House. Because it involves an element of censure against the government, it is permitted **only in the Lok Sabha**.
BREACH OF DIGNITY
Privilege Motion
- Moved by a member when they feel a minister has committed a breach of privilege of the House.
- Triggered usually if a minister **withholds facts** of a case or gives **distorted facts** to the House.
- Its primary purpose is to censure the concerned minister. It can be moved in **both LS and RS**.
PART II — THE TESTS OF SURVIVAL
ARTICLE 75(3)
No-Confidence Motion
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- The ultimate test of government survival. Needs the support of **50 members** to be admitted.
- It does **not need to state the reasons** for its adoption.
- It can be moved against the **entire Council of Ministers only**, not individual ministers.
- If passed by a majority in the Lok Sabha, the government **must resign**. (Permitted only in LS).
SEVERE REPRIMAND
Censure Motion
- Distinct from a No-Confidence Motion. It **must state the reasons** for its adoption.
- Can be moved against an **individual minister**, a group of ministers, or the entire council.
- Moved to censure the government for specific policies or actions.
- If passed, the Council of Ministers **need not resign**, but it exerts massive political pressure. (Permitted only in LS).
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