Controls of Climate
Latitude · Altitude · Pressure · Winds
MICRO-REALM 01
Latitude
- TROPIC OF CANCER DIVISION
- TROPICAL SOUTH (HIGH HEAT)
- SUB-TROPICAL NORTH (EXTREMES)
MICRO-REALM 02
Altitude
- TEMPERATURE DROPS WITH HEIGHT
- NORMAL LAPSE RATE
- HILL STATIONS REMAIN COOL
MICRO-REALM 03
Himalayan Shield
- CLIMATIC DIVIDE
- BLOCKS CENTRAL ASIAN COLD
- TRAPS MONSOON WINDS
MICRO-REALM 04
Land-Sea Distribution
- DIFFERENTIAL HEATING
- LAND HEATS/COOLS FASTER
- CREATES PRESSURE ZONES
MICRO-REALM 05
Continentality
- MODERATING COASTAL INFLUENCE
- EXTREME INLAND WEATHER
- HIGH DIURNAL RANGE INLAND
MICRO-REALM 06
Relief & Topography
- WINDWARD RAINFALL (HEAVY)
- LEEWARD RAIN SHADOW (DRY)
- WESTERN GHATS EFFECT
MICRO-REALM 07
Surface Pressure
- WINTER: HIGH OVER LAND
- SUMMER: LOW OVER LAND (TIBET)
- DRIVES WIND CIRCULATION
MICRO-REALM 08
Surface Winds
- COMPLETE SEASONAL REVERSAL
- NE TRADES IN WINTER
- SW MONSOON IN SUMMER
MICRO-REALM 09
Upper Air Circulation
- JET STREAMS (9-13KM ALTITUDE)
- SUB-TROPICAL WESTERLY JET
- TROPICAL EASTERLY JET (SUMMER)
MICRO-REALM 10
Western Disturbances
- WINTER CYCLONIC SYSTEMS
- ORIGINATE IN MEDITERRANEAN
- BRING WINTER RAIN TO NORTH
MICRO-REALM 11
Tropical Cyclones
- OCTOBER-NOVEMBER (RETREATING)
- BAY OF BENGAL DOMINANCE
- SEVERE COASTAL IMPACTS
MICRO-REALM 12
Ocean Currents
- WARM/COLD WATER MOVEMENT
- AFFECTS COASTAL TEMPERATURES
- INFLUENCES MOISTURE PICKUP