Muhammad Ghori
Realm 24: The Ghurid Empire, Tarain, and the Dawn of the Sultanate
WORLD D — EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS
MICRO-REALM 01
Rise of the Ghurids
- Originated in mountainous Ghor.
- Overthrew the Ghaznavid Empire.
- Ghurids sack Ghazni (Jahan-Suz).
- Mu'izzuddin Muhammad takes charge of expansion.
MICRO-REALM 02
Early Invasions
- Captured Multan & Uch (1175).
- Attempted invasion via Gujarat (1178).
- Defeated heavily by Chalukyas (Bhimdev II).
- Forced to alter route through Punjab.
MICRO-REALM 03
Conquest of Punjab
- Shifted focus to the northern route.
- Captured Peshawar and Sialkot.
- Took Lahore in 1186 CE.
- Ended the Ghaznavid dynasty permanently.
MICRO-REALM 04
First Battle of Tarain (1191)
- Clash with Prithviraj Chauhan.
- Rajput forces broke Ghurid flanks.
- Ghori wounded by Govind Rai.
- Ghurid army retreated to safety.
MICRO-REALM 05
Second Battle of Tarain (1192)
- Ghori returns with 120,000 cavalry.
- Used mounted archers to harass elephants.
- Feigned retreat broke Rajput lines.
- Decisive victory; Prithviraj captured.
MICRO-REALM 06
Conquest of Delhi & Ajmer
- Political center of North India shifts.
- Ajmer and Delhi occupied.
- Qutb al-Din Aibak appointed deputy.
- Start of permanent Muslim rule.
MICRO-REALM 07
Battle of Chandawar (1194)
- Ghori marches against Gahadavalas.
- Defeats King Jayachandra.
- Jayachandra struck in the eye by an arrow.
- Control extends over the Doab and Varanasi.
MICRO-REALM 08
Eastern Expansion
- Led by Bakhtiyar Khalji.
- Conquest of Bihar and Bengal.
- Destruction of Nalanda and Odantapuri.
- Defeat of Sena King Lakshmanasena.
MICRO-REALM 09
Ghurid Coinage
- Pragmatic approach to administration.
- Minted gold coins with Goddess Lakshmi.
- Sanskrit legend: "Srimad Hamir".
- Ensured economic continuity.
MICRO-REALM 10
Assassination & Legacy
- Assassinated in 1206 CE (Khokhars/Ismailis).
- Left no male heir.
- Generals declared independence.
- Aibak founds the Delhi Sultanate.