DOMAIN: PHYSICS / SYSTEM: SI
Q = ne / I = dQ/dt
REFERENCE: GND
STATE: OHMIC
ASKiIMAN™ DOOR 02 / THE CIRCUIT / REALM 01
--:-- · -- --- ----

Ontological Layer: Primitive Concepts

Electronics Foundations

From Matter to Macroscopic Circuit Laws

The Physical Origin of Circuits

Before we can design semiconductor devices, we must establish the vocabulary of electricity. This realm progressively constructs the foundation: starting from atomic matter, isolating electric charge, observing its flow as current, calculating its potential energy as voltage, and formalizing the rules of opposition and power.

MATTER → CHARGE → ELECTRIC FIELD → POTENTIAL (V) → CURRENT (I) → RESISTANCE (R) → OHM'S LAW → POWER / ENERGY → CIRCUIT LAWS

The 12 Foundation Territories

Vertical Ontology: Concept Expansion

TERRITORY 01

Matter, Atoms & Charge

  • Atomic Structure & Valence Shell
  • Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
  • Electric Charge (Q = ne)
  • Charge Conservation & Quantization
 TERRITORY 02

Electric Current

I = dQ/dt
  • Charge Flow Rate & The Ampere
  • Conventional vs Electron Flow
  • Current Density (J)
  • DC vs AC Current Concepts
 TERRITORY 03

Electric Field

  • Coulomb Interaction & Force
  • Electric Field Lines & Direction
  • Field Magnitude (E = F/q)
  • Uniform vs Non-uniform Fields
 TERRITORY 04

Potential & Voltage

  • Potential Energy per Unit Charge
  • Voltage (V = W/Q)
  • Reference Potential & Ground
  • Circuit Polarity
 TERRITORY 05

Resistance & Conductance

  • Opposition to Current Flow
  • Resistivity (ρ) & Geometry (L/A)
  • Conductivity (σ) & Conductance (G)
  • Temperature Dependence
 TERRITORY 06

Ohm's Law & V-I

  • Ohm's Law (V = IR)
  • Linear vs Non-linear V-I Curves
  • Open & Short Circuits
  • Ideal vs Practical Sources
 TERRITORY 07

Power & Energy

  • Electrical Energy & Transfer
  • Power (P = VI = I²R = V²/R)
  • Power Dissipation & Heating
  • Instantaneous vs Average Power
 TERRITORY 08

Electronic Circuits

  • Source, Path, Load & Return
  • Series & Parallel Connections
  • Signal Path vs Reference/Ground
  • Circuit Definition Boundaries
 TERRITORY 09

Kirchhoff's Laws

  • Nodes, Branches & Loops
  • KCL (Current Conservation)
  • KVL (Energy Conservation)
  • Voltage & Current Division
 TERRITORY 10

Active vs Passive

  • Energy Gain vs Dissipation
  • Passive (R, L, C, Transformers)
  • Active (Transistors, ICs)
  • Control & Amplification Distinction
 TERRITORY 11

Analog & Digital

  • Continuous-valued Signals
  • Discrete-valued Logic Levels
  • Binary Representation (0/1)
  • Noise Margins & Immunity
 TERRITORY 12

Measurement & Reference

  • SI System & Units (V, A, Ω)
  • Measuring Voltage & Current
  • Polarity & Sign Convention
  • Measurement Errors & Tolerances
SIMULATION RUNNING